Carpal tunnel repair, also known as carpal tunnel release surgery, is a procedure used to treat carpal tunnel syndrome, a condition where the median nerve is compressed as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. This compression causes symptoms such as numbness, tingling, weakness, and pain in the hand and fingers, especially in the thumb, index, and middle fingers. When non-surgical treatments such as splinting, anti-inflammatory medications, or corticosteroid injections fail to relieve symptoms, surgery may be recommended to alleviate pressure on the nerve.

The surgery is typically performed on an outpatient basis, meaning the patient can go home the same day. There are two main types of carpal tunnel release surgery: open release and endoscopic release. In open release surgery, the surgeon makes an incision in the palm and cuts the transverse carpal ligament, which forms the roof of the carpal tunnel. By cutting this ligament, pressure on the median nerve is relieved, allowing it to function properly again. In endoscopic release surgery, the surgeon makes one or two small incisions and uses a tiny camera (endoscope) to guide the cutting of the ligament with less tissue disruption.

Both types of surgery are generally effective, and the choice of procedure depends on the surgeon’s expertise and the patient’s condition. After surgery, the ligament gradually heals, creating more space in the carpal tunnel and reducing pressure on the median nerve.

Recovery from carpal tunnel repair usually takes several weeks. Patients may experience some pain, swelling, and stiffness in the hand and wrist after surgery, but these symptoms gradually improve. Most patients can begin gentle hand movements and light activities soon after surgery, although heavy lifting or forceful gripping should be avoided until the hand fully heals. Physical or occupational therapy may be recommended to restore strength and mobility.

Carpal tunnel release surgery has a high success rate, and most patients experience significant improvement in their symptoms, regaining full function of the hand and wrist. However, full recovery can take up to several months, depending on the severity of the condition before surgery.