Biopsy of the bladder using an endoscope

Procedure Information

What is a biopsy of the bladder using an endoscope?

Biopsy of the bladder using an endoscope, also known as cystoscopy, is a procedure used to allow physicians to examine the lining of the urinary bladder and the bladder canal (urethra) and take biopsies to detect tumors. This is done by a hollow tube, known as a cystoscope, inserted into the urethra until it reaches the bladder.

Why would I get this procedure?

Urologists use cystoscopy to diagnose and monitor different diseases. Your doctor may recommend cystoscopy if you have:

• Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Urinary incontinence
• Inability to initiate urination 
• Increased urinary frequency
• Urinary urgency
• Urinary retention
• Abnormal Urinanalysis
• Blood in the urine, also known as hematuria
• Enlarged prostate (The procedure can reveal narrowing of the urethra

Urologists can also remove small stones from the bladder, remove abnormal tissue like tumors, and inject medications into the bladder or urethra wall to treat urinary leakage.

What happens during the procedure?

Cystoscopy is usually straightforward and takes around 10 to 15 minutes if done as an outpatient procedure. However, it may take up to 30 minutes if it is done in the hospital under anesthesia.

You will need to empty your bladder before the procedure starts. Then you will lie on your back on a table and position your feet in stirrups with your knees bent.

Your doctor will insert the cystoscope through your urethra until it reaches into the bladder; you may feel some pressure or discomfort. A local anesthetic will be placed around the urethra to reduce pain or discomfort.

Once the cystoscope is inside the bladder, the physician will instill some sterile water through the cystoscope into your bladder. This will help stretch your bladder, and your physician can java a better view of it.

If needed, your doctor may take a tissue sample for your bladder to be sent for lab analysis. 

What happens after the procedure?

You can resume your normal daily activities after the procedure. Nevertheless, if you were on anesthesia, you may be asked to remain in the recovery area until the medication’s effects wear off.

Bleeding, burning sensation, and more frequent urination are all possible side effects after cystoscopy. You can relieve these symptoms by drinking enough water, taking pain medication, and taking a warm bath. Make sure to ask your physician.

Conclusion

Your doctor will tell you the result right after the procedure. However, if a biopsy was taken, you may need to wait for few days until it is analyzed by pathologists to detect any cancerous changes. Your doctor will help you understand your results.

Citations

Mayo Clinic: Cystoscopy

Cleveland Clinic: Cystoscopy